Intervals

A quick-reference chart for naming musical intervals by counting semitones, from unison up to the octave.

What's inside

• A labelled keyboard diagram counting semitones from C up to the octave
• A table of all 13 intervals from unison to octave, with short names (m2, M3, P5, etc.)
• Each interval's semitone count and a from-C example, e.g. C–E for a major third
• A one-line description of what each interval sounds like, to connect the number to the ear
• The "Rule of Nine" for flipping an interval upside down
• A "try it at the keyboard" prompt for hands-on practice