How to Practise

Twenty focused minutes beats ninety unfocused ones. A session mapped by the minute, six ways to unstick a hard passage, and the habits that make a fix actually stick.

“Playing a piece through from the top is not practice — it is a performance you are giving to nobody.”

Practice means finding the smallest thing that is wrong and fixing only that. Half an hour done this way beats two hours of running the piece.

A thirty-minute session

Most of the time goes to the few bars that don't work. Scale the blocks, not the order — an hour is the same shape doubled; ten minutes is a warm up, one passage, and a note to yourself.

Warm up5 min
Technique5 min
Hard passages14 min
Run4 min
Note2

Six ways to fix a passage

1

Slow it down

Halve the tempo. If you can't play it perfectly, halve again.

Use it when: anything — the first thing to try, and usually the last thing needed.

2

Shrink the unit

Two notes, then three, then the beat, then the bar.

Use it when: one spot collapses every time you reach it.

3

Hands apart

Each hand alone until it's automatic, then together slowly.

Use it when: the hands work separately but not at the same time.

4

Rhythm swap

Play the run long-short, then short-long, then even.

Use it when: fast even passages come out lumpy.

5

Backwards chaining

Learn the last bar, then add the bar before it, and so on.

Use it when: the end of a piece is always weaker than the start.

6

Away from the instrument

Read the passage and hear it; finger it silently.

Use it when: you're tired, or you keep repeating the same mistake.

The loop that makes it stick

1

Name the problem in words — not "bar 12 is bad" but "the third finger is late".

2

Choose one method from the table above. One, not three.

3

Play it correctly five times in a row. A mistake resets the count to zero.

4

Put it back in context — one bar before, one bar after.

5

Write down what you fixed. Tomorrow starts here, not at the beginning.

𝄢 Metronome, honestly

Set it to the speed of your worst bar, not your best. If the passage is right at 60 and wrong at 72, work at 63.

Play with it, then without it, then with it again to check you haven't drifted. Never leave it on for a whole session — it teaches obedience, not time.

For rubato passages, use it to learn the notes, then switch it off entirely and let the phrase breathe. Try it with the site's own Metronome.

Practising as a composer

Same principle, different material: fifteen minutes of writing every day, one exercise with a limit — eight bars, one motif, three chords. Copy out a page of a score you admire by hand. Finish things badly rather than starting things well.

Signs you're wasting time

You start at bar 1 every session. You stop to correct a mistake and immediately play on. You can't say what you improved today. Your hands hurt. Any of these means stop, take a break, and change method.

Three more things that matter

Slow is not the same as carefulSlow practice only works if every detail is right — fingering, dynamics, tone. Slow and sloppy just learns the mistake at a lower speed.
Sleep does the last partA passage learnt today plays better tomorrow without touching it. Spread the same total time across more days.
Record yourself weeklyYou hear things on a recording you can't hear while playing. It's uncomfortable, and it's the fastest feedback you have.

There is no shortcut to twenty focused minutes. But twenty focused minutes, most days, is most of the secret.

Practice isn't about talent. It's about knowing exactly what you're fixing.

Want the why behind it? Why covers what keeps you motivated. Writing your own music? Composing has your first tips. For everything else, there's Printables.